Woodlands Historic Park
Gorse (Ulex europaeus)

Gorse was listed in the Restoration Plan as "very abundant and widespread", but appears to be considerably less common now. There is a patch and a number of mature scattered plants in the former back paddock (area 8). There is also a patch near Somerton Road in twin dams paddock which has been spread by slashing then partially controlled by spraying, and a smaller patch south of the homestead which has been partially controlled by cutting and painting. Melbourne Water seem to have done a good job of eliminating gorse from the banks of Moonee Ponds Creek (which is presumably where most of the plants were in the 1990s), but this will be an ongoing job as there is probably still a considerable infestation along the creek on private land upstream from the park.

Biological Control

Biological Control Agents Released
Common Name Scientific Name Released Effectiveness
Gorse Seed Weevil Exapion ulicis 1939 can destroy 12 to 55% of annual seed production
Gorse Spider Mite Tetranychus lintearius 1998 limited by predation
Gorse Thrips Sericothrips staphylinus >2001 may help to control seedlings in conjunction with grazing
Gorse Soft Shoot Moth Agonopterix umbellana 2007 not yet known
Gorse Pod Moth Cydia succedana not yet

The Gorse Seed Weevil and the Gorse Spider Mite were both common on plants in area 8 in November 2016, and there were many branches which had been killed presumably by the mites. However it is known that these two agents alone are not enough to prevent the weed from spreading.

A Gorse shoot covered in the protective web of the Spider Mite. The red dots are the mites.
Gorse shoot covered Spider Mite web at Woodlands Historic Park
On the left is a normal Gorse seed pod with mature seed. The pod on the right contains larvae of the Gorse Seed Weevil which have eaten all the seed.
Gorse seed pods one with normal seed and one with Weevil Larvae at Woodlands Historic Park